Nomenclature
Short Name:
AlphaK3
Full Name:
Alpha-protein kinase 3
Alias:
- Alpha-kinase 3
- Muscle alpha-kinase
- Muscle alpha-protein kinase
- Myocyte induction differentiation originator
- ALPK3
- KIAA1330
- MAK
- Midori
Classification
Type:
Protein-serine/threonine kinase
Group:
Atypical
Family:
Alpha
SubFamily:
NA
Structure
Mol. Mass (Da):
201272
# Amino Acids:
1907
# mRNA Isoforms:
1
mRNA Isoforms:
201,272 Da (1907 AA; Q96L96)
4D Structure:
NA
1D Structure:
Subfamily Alignment
Domain Distribution:
| Start | End | Domain |
|---|---|---|
| 1592 | 1827 | Alpha_kinase |
| 279 | 370 | IG 1 |
| 1476 | 1564 | IG 2 |
Post-translation Modifications
For detailed information on phosphorylation of this kinase go to PhosphoNET
Acetylated:
K1422, K1445.
Methylated:
R107, R1412, R1414, R1415.
Serine phosphorylated:
S419, S850, S926, S1209, S1390, S1394, S1406, S1424, S1569, S1573, S1626, S1640, S1811, S1812, S1855, S1865.
Threonine phosphorylated:
T317, T728, T841, T847, T1383, T1384, T1409, T1773.
Tyrosine phosphorylated:
Y322, Y342+, Y1632.
Distribution
Based on gene microarray analysis from the NCBI
Human Tissue Distribution
% Max Expression:
Mean Expression:
Number of Samples:
Standard Deviation:
% Max Expression:
Mean Expression:
Number of Samples:
Standard Deviation:
45
969
25
1228
2
53
11
53
1.3
27
1
0
23
494
75
1491
17
357
23
294
0.5
10
46
14
11
228
29
568
27
581
23
686
8
171
10
175
7
143
71
158
3
66
16
89
26
560
114
584
0.5
10
12
6
2
44
9
57
5
114
13
159
4
89
13
76
4
86
164
54
3
63
8
92
22
470
64
278
13
271
84
267
3
61
12
57
2
47
14
50
1.2
25
2
18
2
39
8
51
3
71
12
72
27
585
40
552
0.5
10
15
11
2
40
8
47
2
33
8
46
4
76
28
49
18
394
18
284
100
2149
26
3517
24
515
67
716
37
801
52
642
3
66
35
44
Evolution
Species Conservation
PhosphoNET % Identity:
PhosphoNET % Similarity:
Homologene %
Identity:
PhosphoNET % Identity:
PhosphoNET % Similarity:
Homologene %
Identity:
100
100
100
21
35.6
98.5
-
-
94
-
-
78
-
-
-
69.3
74
80
-
-
-
64.2
70.2
72
20.6
31.2
72.5
-
-
-
29.4
36.3
-
-
-
56
-
-
55
28.7
42
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
For a wider analysis go to PhosphoNET Evolution in PhosphoNET
Regulation
Activation:
NA
Inhibition:
NA
Synthesis:
NA
Degradation:
NA
Disease Linkage
General Disease Association:
Heart
Specific Diseases (Non-cancerous):
Cardiomyopathy.
Comments:
Deficiency of AlphaK1 in mice is associated with cardiomyopathy.
Gene Expression in Cancers:
TranscriptoNET (www.transcriptonet.ca) analysis with mRNA expression data retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information's Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which was normalized against 60 abundantly and commonly found proteins, indicated altered expression for this protein kinase as shown here as the percent change from normal tissue controls (%CFC) as supported with the Student T-test in the following types of human cancers: Brain glioblastomas (%CFC= -90, p<0.045); Pituitary adenomas (aldosterone-secreting) (%CFC= +96, p<0.005).
Mutagenesis Experiments:
Insertional mutagenesis studies in mice have not yet revealed a role for this protein kinase in mouse cancer oncogenesis.
Mutation Rate in All Cancers:
Percent mutation rates per 100 amino acids length in human cancers: 0.06 % in 24433 diverse cancer specimens. This rate is only -24 % lower than the average rate of 0.075 % calculated for human protein kinases in general.
Mutation Rate in Specific Cancers:
Highest percent mutation rates per 100 amino acids length in human cancers: 0.4 % in 864 skin cancers tested; 0.26 % in 603 endometrium cancers tested; 0.24 % in 1270 large intestine cancers tested; 0.19 % in 589 stomach cancers tested; 0.13 % in 273 cervix cancers tested; 0.11 % in 1634 lung cancers tested; 0.08 % in 548 urinary tract cancers tested; 0.07 % in 710 oesophagus cancers tested; 0.04 % in 881 prostate cancers tested.
Frequency of Mutated Sites:
None > 3 in 19,689 cancer specimens
Comments:
Only 9 deletions, 2 insertions and no complex mutations are noted on the COSMIC website.